By Stephen Lendman
In his 1966 book, “How the World Really Works,” Alan B. Jones included a chapter on the “Report from Iron Mountain: On the Possibility and Desirability of Peace,” later published in 1967 by The Dial Press. It became a bestseller, then disappeared. Now few copies are available, but when circulating in the 1960s, it was reported that concerned Johnson administration officials ordered global US embassies to downplay it, saying it had nothing to do with policy. Later accounts doubted the material’s authenticity, suggesting it was a hoax. True or false, its findings are reviewed below because they accurately reflect longstanding US policy.
Prepared by unnamed 15-man “Special Study Group, (SSG)” they were commissioned “by some governmental entity which wished to remain unknown” because of the sensitive nature of its assignment, completed after two and a half years work, from August 1963 – March 1966, at a secret Iron Mountain, New York “underground nuclear hideout.”
First surfacing in 1961, the idea originated during the Kennedy administration, senior officials Robert McNamara, McGeorge Bundy, Dean Rusk, and others, knowing there was no serious plan for peace at a time the president wanted to end the Cold War. An SSG member only identified as “John Doe” revealed it.
Secrecy wasn’t mandated, but all members except Doe wanted no public disclosure or discussion of its:
– “Letter of Transmittal (saying Report conclusions and recommendations were unanimous)
– Introduction
– Scope of the Study
– Disarmament and the Economy
– War & Peace as Social Systems
– The Functions of War
– Substitutes for the Functions of War
– Summary and Conclusions (and)
– Recommendations”
Writer Leonard C. Lewin wrote a foreward, referring to a SSG midwest social science professor, identified only as “John Doe” for reasons his task would clarify:
“to determine, accurately and realistically, the nature of the problems that would confront the United States if and when a condition of ‘permanent peace’ should arrive, and to draft a program for dealing with this contingency.”
The Report was suppressed, “both by the Special Study Group itself and by the government INTERAGENCY committee to which it had been submitted. After months of agonizing, Doe” decided to go public.
Group members were carefully chosen for their physical and social sciences expertise, as well as their years of academic, government and/or business experience, qualifying them for their assignment.
In releasing the material, “Doe” said his:
“responsibility to the society for which I am part supersedes any self-assumed obligation on the part of the fifteen individual men….What is needed now, and needed badly, is widespread public discussion and debate about the elements of war and the problems of peace.”
Issues addressed included:
– the notion that the “basic authority of a modern state over its people resides in its war powers;”
– world peace would cause “unparalleled and revolutionary” social structure changes;
– disarmament’s economic impact;
– far-reaching “political, sociological, cultural, and ecological changes,” and two broad questions pertaining to:
– expectations if peace comes; and
– policies to follow if it does.
Other issues included:
– the “real functions of war in modern societies” beyond defending the national interest;
– without war, “what other institutions exist or might be devised to fulfill these functions;”
– the possibility of abolishing war;
– the desirability and repercussions of doing it; and
– possible social system improvements from war-readiness.
Doe hoped for public discussions about “the elements of war and the problems for peace.” None followed. Wars persist, and so do Report notions like:
Wars are an economic, political and ecological necessity, important to continue indefinitely. Peace “would almost certainly not be in the best interest of (a) stable society” and might be “catastrophic.”
General disarmament would require “scrapping….a critical proportion of the most highly developed occupational specialties in the economy.”
Diverting an arms budget to a “non-military system (is) remote (in a) market economy.” Replacing it with public works is “wishful thinking (and) unrealistic.”
War is “the basic social system, within which other secondary modes of social organization conflict or conspire. (It’s) the system (that’s) governed most human societies of record, as it (does) today.”
No other control mechanism has been devised even close to it in effectiveness.
War-making potential doesn’t result from threats. In fact, “threats against the national interest are usually created or accelerated to meet the changing needs of the war system.”
Significant nonmilitary functions and benefits of wars were claimed to exist, including economic protections against depression, and stimulus contributing to the rise of gross national product and individual productivity. Nothing else devised “can remotely compare to it in effectiveness.” It’s the “essential economic stabilizer.”
War’s political importance is crucial. It defines and enforces relations with other nations. National sovereignty and the traditional nation-state depend on it. The war system is essential to internal political stability. “Without it, no government has ever been able to obtain acquiescence (to) its legitimacy, or right to rule its society.”
A nation’s authority over its people “resides in its war powers,” including local police to deal with “internal enemies in a military manner.”
Military service has a patriotic purpose “that must be maintained for its own sake.”
Wars also serve an ecological purpose – “to reduce the consuming population to a level consistent with the survival of the species,” but mass destruction is inefficient, and nuclear weapons are indiscriminate, removing physically stronger members important to save.
Because of medical and scientific advances, pestilence no longer can control populations effectively, balancing them with agriculture’s potential. As a result, other measures are needed to control “undesirable genetic traits.”
An effective political substitute for war requires “alternate enemies….of credible quality and magnitude, if a transition to peace is ever to come about without social disintegration.” Most likely, “such a threat will have to be invented.”
Other extreme ideas included:
Poverty is necessary and desirable, the same Orwellian social stability 1884 idea, about “keeping the Low’s in poverty and the High’s in power, forever.”
A modern, sophisticated form of slavery serves the same social control purpose.
Government must optimize the number of warfare deaths, never letting a good opportunity go to waste.
“Intensified environment pollution,” including air and water is acceptable, and, without war, a comprehensive eugenics program and “universal test-tube procreation might have to substitute.”
SSG members rejected individual freedom, opting for subservience to a ruling elite, the system that governs world nations and America since inception, instituted by the Founders so the country’s owners could run it, and wage wars to solidify control.
The Report concluded that:
“The permanent possibility of war is the foundation for stable government. It supplies the basis for general acceptance of political authority.” It lets societies maintain class distinctions, and ensures the subordination of citizens to the state, run by elites with “residual war powers.”
As for policy measures in a world at peace, SSG members stated “as strongly as we can, that the war system cannot responsibly be allowed to disappear,” absent a credible alternative to ensure social stability and societal control. Only then should transitional measures be considered.
However:
“Such solutions, if indeed they exist, will not be arrived at without a revolutionary revision of the modes of thought heretofore considered appropriate. Some observers….believe” the obstacles can’t be overcome “in our time, that the price of peace is, simply, too high….It is uncertain….whether peace will ever be possible. It is far more questionable….that it would be desirable even if it were demonstrably attainable.”
Though repugnant to many, “The war system….has demonstrated its effectiveness since the beginning of recorded history.” A viable peace alternative would constitute a giant leap “into the unknown” with its inevitable risks. Genuine peace will be destabilizing until proved otherwise.
SSG recommendations included establishing a “permanent WAR/PEACE Research Agency” with unlimited funds to be used at its own discretion.
It would be organized like the National Security Council “responsible solely to the President” or officials he designates – then operate secretly for two purposes. First, to determine, from what’s known and can be learned, the statistical probability for an eventual peace. Second, to conduct “War Research” to ensure “the continuing viability of the war system” as long as it’s believed necessary and/or desirable for society’s stability and survival.
The Iron Mountain Report “has already created our present. It is now shaping our future,” one single-mindedly for war to the detriment of all but imperial interests and profiteers that benefit handsomely.
Source
No comments:
Post a Comment